ZBiotech’s Lectin Array enables precise definition of patatin glycosylation patterns.

In a recent study, researchers explored the structural characterization and lipid metabolism regulatory effects of patatin, the major protein found in potatoes. Patatin was purified and identified as an O-linked glycoprotein with multiple isoforms, rich in essential amino acids. Its glycan structure includes mannose, rhamnose, glucose, galactose, xylose, arabinose, and fucose. Notably, patatin binds strongly to Aleuria aurantia Leukoagglutinin (AAL), a fucose-specific lectin, highlighting its fucosylated nature.

Using zebrafish as a model organism, the study assessed patatin’s regulatory effects on lipid metabolism. Results indicated that patatin significantly promotes lipid decomposition, inhibits lipase activity, and reduces fat absorption. Specifically, at 37.0 μg/mL, patatin achieved a 23% increase in lipid breakdown, a 15% inhibition of lipase activity, and a 13% reduction in fat absorption. While these effects were notable, they were approximately half as effective as the control drug, orlistat.

The lectin array was instrumental in this study, facilitating the identification of the glycosylation pattern of patatin. This array confirmed patatin’s fucosylated glycan structure by demonstrating strong binding to fucose-specific lectins like AAL. The ability to identify these binding interactions was crucial for understanding patatin’s structural properties and potential biological functions.

Patatin (50 μg/mL) binding with 26 different types of lectins.
The images are reproduced from Wu, J. et al. Patatin primary structural properties and effects on lipid metabolism. Food Chem. 344, (2021).

Patatin shows promise as a functional food ingredient for lipid regulation and obesity management. Its effects on lipid metabolism, including lipid breakdown promotion, lipase activity inhibition, and fat absorption reduction, suggest its potential as a natural anti-obesity agent. The lectin array was vital in elucidating patatin’s glycosylation pattern, underscoring its value in glycoprotein research. Future studies are needed to explore patatin’s biochemical mechanisms and its broader applications in the food and health industries.